Ford Model T came 101 years, has greatly changed people's lifestyles, and to Laptop Battery promote the rapid development of the world economy. But the global warming today, the car consumption of crude oil accounts for about half of the total oil consumption, CO2 emissions of greenhouse gas emissions account for about 2 into. The automotive industry undergoes significant historical change, electric vehicles and other environmentally friendly vehicles to replace fuel cars are already inevitable, the industrial structure will also usher in profound changes.
First, eco-car will become the future mainstream car market
I environmentally friendly vehicles will be the mainstream of the future automotive market.
On the one hand, 04 years, world crude oil prices rising, consumer demand for cars with low fuel costs increased significantly, automobile significant change in the structure of demand. On the other hand, the world's major automotive markets, thus enhancing the vehicle gas emission standards.
In February 2007, the European Commission to PA3107U-1BRS strengthen restrictions on CO2 emissions by 2012, sales within the European Union average emissions of all new cars must be less than 130 grams per kilometer, the current emissions 1500CC vehicles have not been met the above criteria.
This year in May, the United States decided the original 4 years ahead of schedule in implementing the new energy law in 2016 and published the average vehicle fuel fee standard 35.5 miles per gallon (equivalent to 1 liter of petrol about travel 15.1 kilometers) . Japan also decided to increase vehicle fuel costs by 2015 standards, the average travel 16.8 kilometers per liter of petrol.
In addition, Japan to achieve the 2020 interim target of 25% reduction, decided in 2020 the proportion of new cars in the eco-car in 2005 from 1% to 50%.
Ii environmentally friendly vehicle categories.
Environment-friendly vehicles mainly include the following:
① electric vehicles. Only electricity as the driving force, in the home can be charged. At present, a single charge mileage is about 160 kilometers PA3383U-1BRS, does not emit CO2.
② hybrid vehicles. The use of gasoline fuel and electricity as the driving force. Can be charged at home, walking distance when compared with the use of gasoline as fuel.
③ fuel cell vehicles. The use of hydrogen as a fuel to produce electricity-driven cars, CO2 emissions to zero.
Second, the global hybrid car market
In 2008 the global demand for hybrid vehicles 480,000, JP Morgan Securities predicted that 2020 will increase to 11.28 million, equivalent to 23 times in 2008, accounting for 13.3% of total car sales. By region distribution, North America, 3.49 million, Europe 3.46 million, 1.97 million Chinese, 70 in Japan million.
Growth would be driven hybrid electric vehicle batteries and other related industries. 2008 global automotive battery market is about 800 billion yen in 2020 will increase to 10000 nil ¥ 54,000,000,000. Together with other components and engine and other major components, the estimated annual hybrid car-related industry, market size is about more than 20,000 yen.
Growth of hybrid vehicles will also bring a new revolution in industrial PA3384U-1BRS technology. As the body lighter, to iron and steel-based materials, carbon fiber body may be replaced by the traditional forging rolling and welding process can be time forming and bonding to the direction of transformation.
Third, the Japanese hybrid car market
Japan's Toyota, Honda, Mitsubishi, Mazda and other enterprises pay close attention to developing both hybrid car market. Currently on the market is selling two models were the Toyota Prius and Honda Insight. One standard Prius can travel 35.5 kilometers per liter of petrol sold at between 2.05 million -327 million yen. Insight can travel 30 kilometers per liter of petrol priced at 1.89 million yen.
1997 Toyota began selling the first-generation Prius has been accumulated sales volume has exceeded one million. 2008 Toyota global hybrid sales of 430,000 vehicles, plans the early 2010s to achieve sales of one million years. To this end, Toyota and Panasonic each funded the establishment of 60% and 40% of the registered capital of ¥ 13,000,000,000 to Panasonic EV Energy Co., Ltd., producing hybrid battery. The current annual production of hybrid batteries for up to 70 million vehicles to use, in 2011 expanded to 1.1 million.
To stimulate domestic demand, stimulate consumption, the Japanese used cars introduced this year, and purchase of environmentally friendly vehicles replace PA3285U-1BRS their fleets grants policy, and redemption of tax breaks for green vehicles policy, hybrid car sales strong, new car sales in May, a total of hybrid vehicles Sale 21601, about 12%, the first time into a total car sales. In 2009 from April to September, sales of hybrid vehicles accounted for 8.9% of total vehicle sales. Among them, Toyota Prius sold 116,298, and ranked 4 consecutive months, new car sales charts.
It is predicted that by 2011 Japan's annual market share of hybrid vehicles will exceed 20%.
4, the Japanese automobile industry development strategy for hybrid
I introduced preferential tax policies and incentives to promote hybrid vehicle sales, stimulating domestic demand.
In response to financial crisis, supporting the automotive industry, promoting environment-friendly vehicle development, stimulating domestic demand, Japan launched in 2009 to buy environmentally friendly cars exempt vehicle purchase tax and weight tax, while reducing motor vehicle tax preferential policies. In addition, more than 13 years of age used cars replace their fleets or direct purchase of environmentally friendly cars, for a certain car subsidy. The policy PA3191U-1BRS has played a good economic results, continue to implement the national hope that next year, the Japanese government to examine this issue.
Ii Government strongly support the development of industrial technology.
To promote the hybrid vehicle industry, in particular, is the core technology - lithium-ion battery research and development, through the Industrial Policy Bureau of Japan under the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) set up the "All Japan" system. The system In addition to Toyota, Nissan and other auto companies 5, the Sanyo Electric Co., GS Yuasa Corporation, etc. 7 battery business, Kyoto University, Waseda University and Northeastern University and other research institutions in 10.
All Japan at Kyoto University to establish R & D base, permanent 50 of more than seven years, invest 210 trillion yen, the use of large-scale radiological equipment, Hyogo Prefecture, "Spring-8" and other sophisticated equipment, battery materials, aging research. Plans to develop build capacity for the present three times the lithium-ion batteries, hybrid vehicles by 2015, reduce the cost to the current 6 per 1,2020-year hybrid vehicles on a single charge driving distance of three times to the present.
Iii planning long-term development strategy, actively acquire overseas mining concessions.
Platinum is the main raw material for production of lithium-ion batteries, South Africa, the world's platinum reserves, total reserves PA3166U-1BRS of about 9 into. Japan's 2007 demand of 54 tons of platinum, 98% depend on imports. In order to ensure a stable supply of fuel cell materials, Japan, an independent administrative corporation metallic mineral oil and natural gas Energy Agency (JOGMEC) and Canadian Platinum Group Metals prospecting companies to jointly develop the South African platinum mines on the conclusion of an agreement. Japan four years, the cost burden of 3.2 million U.S. dollars for exploration, access to 37% of the mineral rights.
Iv a world leader in industrial technology-intensive.
Because hybrid vehicles a huge market, the Japanese chemical industry enterprises have invested in automotive battery research and development. Among them, Ube Industries, Mitsubishi Chemical and other R & D electrolyte, Mitsubishi Chemical, Japan Aki Science, Sumitomo Chemical R & D cathode material, Asahi Kasei, Mitsubishi resin, Ube Industries such as R & D isolation plate, Hitachi Chemical Industries, Mitsubishi Chemical, Showa Denko and other R & D cathode material. Has achieved breakthroughs in the present study, such as lithium-ion battery cathode materials, generally with cobalt, but cobalt and rare elements are expensive, can be used to replace lithium iron phosphate. Lithium iron phosphate by recycling scrap metal and sewage sludge in the phosphorus in an ordinary cement processing.
V improve the popularity of hybrid electric vehicle-related facilities.
For the convenience of the user for the automotive hybrid electric vehicle charging, Japanese oil companies are stepping up efforts improve the facilities. Nippon Oil and Idemitsu Kosan, etc. are beginning to be charging facilities for electric vehicles PA3331U-1BRS empirical experiments. Place in September after the gas station quick charger, examining usage and convenience of the user. Examine how the implementation and popularization of electric vehicles suited to the relevant supporting services.
In addition, some gas stations also configure the solar cell, solar cell and charger will be connected to the power generated by the use of sunlight-drive vehicle.
Vi car battery recycling to establish the market by reducing battery costs.
Popularity of hybrid vehicles is one of the obstacles facing the high cost of batteries now account for about half of the total cost of vehicles. If you can build car battery recycling market, would greatly reduce the cost of car batteries, thus contributing to popularization of hybrid vehicles.
It is estimated that the use of lithium-ion batteries for several years, the charge storage capability, will decline 2 percent or so. However, vehicle batteries discarded batteries can be re-used for residential. Nissan, Sumitomo plan the second half of 2010, in the home and office setting can be re-use lithium-battery, the use of cheaper night electricity PA3098U-1BRS charge for users to use during the day.
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